How Do I Correctly Install and Adjust a Commercial Door Closer?

To correctly install and adjust a commercial door closer, begin by selecting the appropriate mounting style (regular arm, top jamb, or parallel arm) based on the door’s location and usage. Follow the manufacturer’s template to mark and drill holes precisely, then securely fasten the closer body and arm. Once installed, adjust the closing speed, latching speed, and backcheck using the designated valves (typically with a hex key) ensuring the door closes smoothly without slamming or staying ajar. Always test the door multiple times and fine-tune as needed for safe, code-compliant operation. Installing and adjusting a commercial door closer correctly ensures smooth operation, proper closing speed, and compliance with accessibility standards.

How do I install a commercial door closer?

Choose the Mounting Method: Choose the mounting method based on the door’s design and usage. The regular arm installation (the most common option) is mounted on the pull side of the door, providing durability and efficient operation. The parallel arm is installed on the push side, offering a less obtrusive appearance by keeping the arm parallel to the door frame. The top jamb method, also mounted on the push side, positions the closer on the door frame, making it ideal for doors with limited space at the top.
Mark and Drill Holes: Use the provided template to accurately mark the drill holes on both the door and the frame. Once marked, drill pilot holes to prevent splitting or misalignment, then securely attach the closer body using the appropriate screws.
Attach the Arm: Attach the closer arm by connecting it to the spindle, ensuring a secure fit. Adjust the arm to the correct position, typically at a 90-degree angle to the door when it is in the open position, to ensure smooth and efficient operation.
Install the Cover (If Provided): Secure the cover over the closer body.

What tools do I need to install a commercial door closer?

Having these tools on hand will help you install the door closer correctly and efficiently:

Drill – For drilling pilot holes into the door and frame.
Screwdriver (Flathead or Phillips, depending on the screws) – To attach the door closer and its components.
Measuring Tape – To ensure accurate placement of the door closer and arm.
Pencil – For marking the drill holes on the door and frame.
Level – To ensure the door closer and its components are properly aligned.
Wrench or Socket Set – For tightening bolts, if required by the door closer model.
Hex Key/Allen Wrench – If the adjustment screws require this tool for fine-tuning.

How do I choose the correct mounting method?

Choosing the correct mounting method for a commercial door closer depends on the type of door, its usage, and the desired aesthetics or functionality. Here are the common mounting methods and how to decide which one to use:

Regular Arm: This is the most commonly used mounting method, and it should be mounted on the pull side of the door (the side you use to open it). This method is ideal for doors that will be used frequently, as it offers durability and effective operation. It’s the best choice when strength and reliability are essential, making it suitable for high-traffic areas where the door needs to withstand constant use.

Parallel Arm: The parallel arm should be mounted on the push side of the door (the side that faces the frame). This method is ideal when you want the closer arm to be less visible and to reduce its protrusion. It’s commonly chosen for aesthetic reasons or in areas where space is limited, such as in hallways or narrower spaces, where a more streamlined appearance is desired and less protrusion is beneficial.

Top Jamb: This method involves mounting the closer on the push side of the door, but placing the closer itself on the door frame rather than the door. This method is ideal for doors with limited space on the door itself or when you want to keep the closer out of sight. It’s commonly used in high-traffic areas or when a more discreet appearance is desired, helping maintain a clean and uncluttered look while still ensuring proper door operation.

To select the best option, consider the space available, the door’s usage, and whether you want the closer to be more visible or hidden. Each method has its advantages based on the door’s location, frequency of use, and aesthetic preferences.

How do I ensure the door closer is properly aligned?

To ensure a commercial door closer is properly aligned, begin by positioning the closer correctly using a level to confirm that both the closer body and arm are straight and parallel to the door or frame, based on the selected mounting style (regular arm, parallel arm, or top jamb). Carefully mark the placement using a measuring tape and pencil, double-checking all marks before drilling. When attaching the closer body, tighten screws evenly and ensure it is mounted squarely to avoid tilting. Connect the arm to the spindle, ensuring it aligns at a 90-degree angle when the door is fully open. Finally, test the door by opening and closing it several times—if it binds or doesn’t close properly, minor adjustments may be needed to correct the alignment. Accurate measuring, leveling, and testing are key to smooth and reliable door closer performance.

How do I adjust a commercial door closer?

Properly adjusting a commercial door closer ensures smooth operation, prevents slamming, and meets accessibility requirements. Follow these steps to fine-tune your door closer for optimal performance:

Identify the Adjustment Screws: Identify the adjustment screws on the door closer, as most models have three main controls. The closing speed screw regulates how fast the door moves from fully open to almost closed. The latching speed screw fine-tunes the final few inches of closing to ensure the door latches properly without slamming. If the closer includes a backcheck function, this adjustment slows the door before it fully opens, preventing damage to walls or nearby objects.
Gather the Necessary Tools: To gather the necessary tools for installing or adjusting a door closer, you will need a flathead screwdriver or hex key, depending on the closer model. If the closer is mounted high, a ladder will be necessary to reach it. Additionally, a level can be helpful (though optional) to ensure the closer is properly aligned during installation or adjustment.
Adjust the Closing Speed: Locate the corresponding screw, which is usually labeled or positioned near the closer body. Turn the screw clockwise to slow down the door’s closing motion or counterclockwise to increase the speed. Make adjustments in small increments, about 1/8 of a turn, and test the door after each change to ensure smooth and controlled movement.
Adjust the Latching Speed: Locate the screw, which is typically positioned next to the closing speed screw. Turn it clockwise to slow down the final few inches of closing or counterclockwise to speed it up for a firmer latch. Make sure the door fully latches without slamming, ensuring smooth and secure operation.
Adjust the Backcheck (if available): Locate the adjustment screw, often marked “BC.” Turn it clockwise to increase resistance, preventing the door from swinging open too forcefully and protecting walls from damage. Turn it counterclockwise to decrease resistance, allowing the door to open more easily without excessive force.
Test the Door Multiple Times: Test the door multiple times by opening and closing it to ensure smooth operation. Observe the door’s movement and make any necessary adjustments to achieve the desired closing speed, force, and latching performance. Recheck the door’s function after each adjustment to confirm it operates as intended.

What is backcheck, and do I need to adjust it?

Backcheck refers to the setting on a door closer that controls the speed and resistance of the door when it is opened beyond a certain point, typically around 75 to 90 degrees. Its purpose is to prevent the door from swinging too quickly or forcefully, which could damage the door, frame, or surrounding areas.

Whether you need to adjust the backcheck depends on your specific door’s usage. If the door opens too quickly or hits the wall with too much force, you may need to increase the backcheck to slow the swing. Conversely, if the door doesn’t open smoothly or is too stiff when it reaches the backcheck zone, you might need to decrease the resistance.

How do I prevent the door from slamming?

To prevent a door from slamming, adjust the closing speed and latching speed of the door closer. Start by slowing down the closing speed using the adjustment screw, which will ensure the door doesn’t close too quickly. Then, adjust the latching speed to slow down the final few inches of closing, allowing the door to latch softly rather than slamming. Additionally, if your door closer has a backcheck function, you can adjust it to reduce the force with which the door swings open, preventing it from swinging too forcefully. By fine-tuning these settings, you can ensure the door closes gently and securely without slamming.

What should I do if my door closer is leaking oil?

If your door closer is leaking oil, it’s likely due to damaged or worn internal seals, and unfortunately, these closers are typically not easy to repair. First, inspect the closer to pinpoint the source of the leak, checking around the seals or adjustment screws for any visible signs. Tighten any loose screws, as sometimes a loose connection can cause a minor leak. However, if the leak persists or if the seals are severely damaged, replacing the door closer is the best solution. Continuing to use a leaking closer can lead to improper functioning or total failure, so it’s important to address the issue promptly to ensure the door operates smoothly and prevent further damage.

How do I ensure my door closer meets ADA requirements?

To ensure your door closer meets ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act) requirements, follow these key guidelines:

Closing Time: The door should take at least 5 seconds to close from a 90-degree open position. This ensures that individuals with disabilities have enough time to pass through the door without it closing too quickly.
Opening Force: The force required to open the door should not exceed 5 pounds for interior doors and 8.5 pounds for exterior doors. This ensures that individuals, including those with limited strength or mobility, can easily open the door.
Smooth Operation: Ensure that the door operates smoothly without any jerks or resistance that could hinder passage. The door should not slam or require excessive force to move, providing a consistent and safe experience for all users.
Adjust the Door Closer Properly: Fine-tune the closing speed and latching speed to ensure the door closes at the correct rate without slamming or closing too quickly. You may also need to adjust the backcheck to prevent the door from swinging open too forcefully.
Ensure Proper Latching: The door should latch securely but without excessive force, so it stays closed once shut, ensuring safety and security.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your door closer complies with ADA standards and provides ease of access for individuals with disabilities.

How often should I check and maintain my door closer?

You should check and maintain your door closer regularly to ensure it continues to operate efficiently and smoothly. A good rule of thumb is to inspect it every 6 months, but more frequent checks are recommended in high-traffic areas or if the door closer is exposed to harsh conditions. During these checks, look for signs of wear and tear, such as oil leaks, loose screws, or misalignment.

Additionally, test the door’s operation to ensure the closing speed, latching speed, and backcheck are functioning properly. Tighten any loose components and clean the closer if needed. If the door closer is leaking oil or not functioning correctly despite adjustments, it may be time to replace it. Regular maintenance helps extend the lifespan of your door closer and ensures it meets safety and accessibility standards.

If you are in need of commercial doors and closers, take a look here: Commercial Doors

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